In the past few years, advancing a unified definition of social entrepreneurship has been a popular effort in the literature (Perrini 2006; Lanteri 2014). This effort has so far proved largely unsuccessful, to the point that some common themes in social entrepreneurship are that the concept of social entrepreneurship is ‘ill-defined’ (Weerdawena and Mort 2006, 21) and that there is no agreement over what it means or even how broadly or narrowly it should be defined (Mair and Marti 2006; Perrini 2006), so that dozens of definitions can be listed (Zahra et al. 2009; Dacin, Dacin, and Matear 2010; Bacq and Janssen 2011). This is understandable for a ‘preparadigmatic’ (Nicholls 2010; Lehner 2013) field, which is still in an ‘embryonic state’ (Short, Moss, and Lumpkin 2009, 169).
This article embraces a fairly broad and comprehensive definition, according to which social entrepreneurship encompasses all the activities associated with the creation and management of organizations that pursue social or environmental impact through market-based activities. Furthermore, SEs are defined as the individuals who start and manage social enterprises, thus undergoing the process of social entrepreneurship.
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